Mathc gnuplot/Application : Tangente de P à l'axes des y

Préambule

La tangente dans Wikipedia.

Présentation

N'oubliez pas les fichiers *.h partagés et ceux de ce chapitre.

Dessiner

	c01.c Calculer la longeur de P(c,f(c) à l'axe de y.

/* ------------------------------------ */
/*  Save as :   c01.c                   */
/* ------------------------------------ */
#include "x_ahfile.h"
#include       "f2.h"
/* ------------------------------------ */
int main(void)
{
double c = .5;

 printf("  f : x-> %s  \n", feq);
 printf("  Df: x-> %s\n\n",Dfeq);

 printf(" With c = %0.3f, the equation of the tangent is :\n\n"
        "      y =  Df(c) (x-c) + f(c) = ",c);
 eq_Tan(c,f,Df);

 printf(" Find PB, the length of the tangent from P to the y axis.\n\n");

 printf(" P(%5.3f,  %5.3f)    P(c, f(c))          \n", 
        c, f(c));

 printf(" B(0.000,  %5.3f)    B(0, f(c)-c*Df(c))\n\n", 
        f(c)-c*Df(c));

 printf(" PB = sqrt(c**2*(1+Df(c)**2)) = %6.3f \n\n", 
 sqrt(c*c*(1+pow(Df(c),2))));

 G_TanPy      (i_WGnuplot(-2,4,-1,2),
                 c,
               feq,f,Df);

 printf(" load \"a_main.plt\" with gnuplot. \n\n"
        " Press return to continue");
 getchar();

 return 0;
}

Le résultat.

 f : x->  cos(x)  
 Df: x->  (-sin(x)) 
.
With c = 0.500, the equation of the tangent is :
.
     y =  Df(c) (x-c) + f(c) =  -0.479*x +1.117
.
Find PB, the length of the tangent from P to the y axis.
.
P(0.500,  0.878)    P(c, f(c))          
B(0.000,  1.117)    B(0, f(c)-c*Df(c))
.
PB = sqrt(c**2*(1+Df(c)**2)) =  0.554 
.
load "a_main.plt" with gnuplot.

Résultat dans gnuplot

Les fichiers h de ce chapitre

	x_ahfile.h Appel des fichiers

/* ------------------------------------ */
/*  Save as :   x_ahfile.h              */
/* ------------------------------------ */
#include    <stdio.h>
#include   <stdlib.h>
#include    <ctype.h>
#include     <time.h>
#include     <math.h>
#include   <string.h>
/* ------------------------------------ */
#include     "xplt.h"
/* ------------------------------------ */
#include   "kg_tan.h"
#include    "k_tan.h"

	f2.h La fonction à dessiner

/* ------------------------------------ */
/*  Save as :   f2.h                    */
/* ------------ f --------------------- */
double f(
double x)
{
 return(       cos(x));
}
char  feq[] = " cos(x)";
/* ------------ f' ------------------- */
double Df(
double x)
{
 return(  (-sin(x)) );
}
char Dfeq[] = " (-sin(x)) ";

	k_tan.h Equation de la tangente

/* ------------------------------------ */
/*  Save as :    k_tan.h                */
/* ------------------------------------
   y = ax + b    [P(xp,yp);(y-yp)=a(x-xp)]

   a = f'(x)

   b = y - ax
   b = y - f'(x)x
   b = f(x) - f'(x)x

   x=c
   a = f'(c)
   b = f(c) - f'(c)c
   ------------------------------------ */
void eq_Tan(
double    c,
double (*P_f)(double x),
double (*PDf)(double x)
)
{
 printf(" %0.3f*x %+0.3f\n\n\n", 
 (*PDf)(c), (*P_f)(c) - (*PDf)(c)*c );
}
/* ------------------------------------ */
void eq_Tanf(
FILE *fp,
double    c,
double (*P_f)(double x),
double (*PDf)(double x)
)
{
fprintf(fp," %0.3f*x %+0.3f\n\n\n", 
 (*PDf)(c), (*P_f)(c) - (*PDf)(c)*c );
}

	kg_tan.h La fonction graphique

/* ------------------------------------ */
/*  Save as :   kg_tan.h                */
/* ------------------------------------ */
void G_TanPy(
W_Ctrl w,
double c,
  char fEQ[],
double (*P_f)(double x),
double (*PDf)(double x)
)
{
FILE   *fp;

        fp = fopen("a_main.plt","w");
fprintf(fp," set zeroaxis\n\n"
           " plot [%0.3f:%0.3f] [%0.3f:%0.3f] \\\n"
           " %s, \\\n"
           " %0.6f*x %+0.6f, \\\n"
           " \"a_yaxe.plt\" with linesp lt 3\n"
           " reset",
             w.xmini,w.xmaxi,w.ymini,w.ymaxi,
             fEQ, 
    ((*PDf)(c)) ,(-((*PDf)(c))* c + ((*P_f)(c))));
 fclose(fp);

        fp = fopen("a_yaxe.plt","w");
fprintf(fp," %0.5f   %0.5f\n",c,((*P_f)(c)));
fprintf(fp," 0.000   %0.5f", 
((*P_f)(c))-(((*PDf)(c))*c));
 fclose(fp);
}

Même exemple avec la fonction sin.

Résultat dans gnuplot